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# How to restore a corrupted Home Assistant sqlite3 database

Published: 2024-07-07
Canonical: https://seanblanchfield.com/2024/07/restore-corrupted-ha-database

An ungraceful restart of my Home Assistant host left me with a corrupted sqlite3 database. 
This is the database where Home Assistant core stores the history of all entity state and long-term statistics, like energy and power readings. I could have deleted the old database and started over, but a better solution is to fix it. Here's how I fixed it by SSHing into Home Assistant.

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Prerequisites:
- You are able to SSH into Home Assistant, e.g., using the [SSH &amp; Web Terminal](https://github.com/hassio-addons/addon-ssh) Addon.
- You have enough free space on your Home Assistant box to temporarily hold the repaired copy of the database. 

## Run the SQLite3 "recover" command on your Home Assistant database

Log into the Home Assistant host via SSH, and change to the `/config` directory.

Check how much free space you have.
``` bash
df -h /
```
Check the size of your corrupted database is smaller than the free space:
```bash
ls -lh home-assistant_v2.db
```
Stop Home Assistant core, so it's not writing to the database while we're operating on it.
```bash
ha core stop
```
(this might take a minute)

Run the *sqlite3* [.recover](https://www.sqlite.org/recovery.html) command to produce SQL statements to reconstruct the database, and pipe them into a new SQL database:
```bash
sqlite3 home-assistant_v2.db ".recover" | sqlite3 home-assistant_v2.db.fixed
```
This might produce some output corresponding to problems it found in the corrupted database.


Depending on the size of your database, recovery might take a long time. You can check progress by comparing the size of the recovered database with the original. From a new SSH session, run:

```bash
watch ls -lh home-assistant_v2.db home-assistant_v2.db.fixed
```

When it's done, backup the old corrupted database and put the restored one in its place:
```bash
mv  home-assistant_v2.db home-assistant_v2.db.`date -I`.corrupted
mv home-assistant_v2.db.fixed home-assistant_v2.db
```

Start Home Assistant core again
``` bash
ha core start
```

Log into Home Assistant and check everything is okay, e.g., by looking at the system logs and checking that the history of some entities is intact. 

# Still having problems?

If there's still database errors in the logs, you might need to take a more radical approach. I needed to start over with a fresh database, so I wrote a script to import the long term statistics from a backup database that I had.

You can get a copy of the script [over here on Github](https://github.com/seanblanchfield/ha-stats-import).